Reading Demo
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- Pregunta 1 de 28
1. Pregunta
Reading Demo
Part 1
Read the text and the questions. Choose the correct answer for each question.
The Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (1814-15), convened after Napoleon’s defeat, sought to restore order to a Europe disrupted by revolutionary and imperial France. Its members’ objective was a constellation of states and a balance of power that would ensure peace and stability after a quarter-century of revolution and war. In addition to the delegates of many small states, the congress included representatives of five large European states: Austria, Prussia, Russia, Britain, and France. After months of deliberations, the congress established an international political order that was to endure for nearly 100 years and that brought Europe a measure of peace.
The congress made no effort to restore the Holy Roman Empire and its 300-odd states. Instead, it accepted the disappearance of many small states that had occurred since 1789 and created the German Confederation. The confederation consisted of thirty-eight sovereign states and four free cities and included the five large kingdoms of Austria, Prussia, Saxony, Bavaria, and Württemberg. The confederation met at a diet in Frankfurt, with an Austrian always serving as president.
Prince Clemens von Metternich, who directed Austria’s foreign policy from 1809 until 1848, was the dominant political figure within the confederation. He waged a decades-long campaign to prevent the spread of revolution in Europe by seeking to restore much of the political and social order that had existed before the French Revolution. Metternich’s Carlsbad Decrees of 1819 established a pervasive system of press censorship and regulation of the universities that dampened German intellectual life and hindered the publication of writings advocating the principles of liberalism. In the 1820s, he engineered the formation of the Holy Alliance of the monarchs of Austria, Prussia, and Russia to quash political, social, and economic developments within Central and Eastern Europe thought to threaten political stability.
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2. Pregunta
1) When was the Congress of Vienna held?
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3. Pregunta
2) Where was the Congress of Vienna held?
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4. Pregunta
3) What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?
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5. Pregunta
4) What large kingdoms were included in the German Confederation?
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6. Pregunta
5) Who directed Austria’s foreign policy?
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7. Pregunta
6) In the second paragraph, which of these is NOT the meaning of ‘odd’?
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8. Pregunta
Part 2
Read the text. Use the sentences to complete the text. Choose the correct sentence for each gap. There is one extra sentence you will not need.
A) This could eventually lead to the loss of genetic diversity.
B) Such a fear prompted plans to report on the populations and see what could be done.
C) The benefit to wildlife of involving local pastoralists in conservation management is likely to be significant.
D) That autumn the first recorded birth occurred of a Przewalski’s horse in Mongolia since their extinction in the wild.
E) Possible causes include hunting, military activities, and increasing land use pressure.
F) It summarises current knowledge on their biology, ecology and conservation status.
G) These habitats are not rich in biodiversity but do contain unique and endemic animals and plants.
Wild Horse Species ‘In Peril’
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9. Pregunta
Immortalised in ancient cave paintings, the horse has fascinated humans for thousands of years. Predictably, though, it is principally human activities that are placing the few remaining wild horses under increasing pressure. Conservationists, alarmed at the prospects for the seven species of horse, ass and zebra that survive in the wild, are launching an action plan designed to safeguard their future. (1)
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10. Pregunta
The plan is entitled Equids: Zebras, Asses and Horses – Status Survey And Conservation Action Plan. It is the work of the equid specialist group of the World Conservation Union (IUCN). Dr Patricia Moehlman, who chairs the group, said: «Most of the endangered equids live in desert and savanna ecosystems. (2)
Hanging In There
«Zebras, asses and horses can serve as ‘flagship’ species for the conservation of these ecosystems».
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11. Pregunta
«The arid homes of many equids are also home to human populations that face the same extreme environmental pressures. (3) «
The seven equid species are the African and Asiatic wild asses, the kiang (a wild ass from Tibet), Przewalski’s horse, and three zebra species – Grevy’s, mountain and plains zebras. Most are threatened and are classified as endangered or vulnerable on IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species.
One species, Przewalski’s horse, is classified as extinct in the wild on the Red List. It can breed with domestic horses and produce fertile offspring, but its possession of certain distinct chromosomes means it differs more from its domestic relatives than any two domestic horses do from each other. There are also differences in appearance: for example, Przewalski’s horses shed their tail and mane hair annually, unlike domestic horses.
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12. Pregunta
The first visual records of this species are more than 20,000 years old – cave paintings, engravings, and decorated tools from Italy, western France, and northern Spain. Numbers of Przewalski’s horses declined dramatically after 1945, and only small groups were reported in the next few years. (4) .
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13. Pregunta
Inching Back
The last confirmed sighting in the wild was in 1969, when a solitary stallion was seen by a Mongolian scientist in the Gobi Desert. Today, Przewalski’s horse survives thanks to captive breeding. The only free-ranging populations are those re-introduced to Mongolia since 1992. (5) .
The mountain zebra historically ranged from southern South Africa through Namibia and into western Angola. It is classified as endangered on the Red List: it is believed to have declined by at least 50% in ten years (three generations). Two subspecies are known (Equus z. zebra and E. z. hartmannae).
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14. Pregunta
Risk Of Hybrids
Although it suffered through excessive hunting and loss of habitat to agriculture, numbers of Equus z. zebras are now gradually building up through conservation programmes.
Major threats to the zebras’ survival include the risk of crossbreeding between the two subspecies. (6) Other dangers include drought, and the relatively small numbers left in the wild, which means the loss of a single population could reduce global numbers by around 30%.
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15. Pregunta
Part 3
Read the four texts. Which text gives you the answer to each question? Choose the correct text (A-D) for each question.
Become a SuperLearner: Learn Speed Reading & Advanced Memory Course reviews
A. Jonathan
I am an adult English Language student and these guys have put together a really great course! I am currently taking the course and I have shared certain parts of the course with my niece; she is quite intrigued. I have taken various courses and from what I have learned so far, these guys have some very interesting components that will help you read, learn, and memorize with more ease and more efficiency.
B. Maria
I enjoyed this course immensely. Though familiar with the core concepts, the organization and tips in this course make it something special. These are people who actually practice the skills successfully in their daily life. I felt so strongly about it that I followed up the course with a series of private Skype lessons with Professor Anna Goldentouch. It was invaluable to have her evaluate my progress and encourage growth. Much recommended.
C. Stuart
I have never tried learning about the topics discussed in this course before. I am confident that what I learned has given me a solid foundation to improving my ability to learn and remember. However, my greatest challenge has been remembering directions. I am convinced that adding a lecture dedicated to applying these memory techniques to directions/maps would be of great value to many eager learners.
D. Silvia
I love learning! I wanted to be able to learn more and faster. When I saw this course I figured I would give it a try. I have increased my reading speed, comprehension, and retention. I am not at the level I want to be at yet, but with the methods I have learned through this course, I know I can do it! The lectures are well made, and as new content is added I have noticed that the quality continues to increase. Jonathan Levi teaches in a way that is simple, understandable, and motivating. I would highly recommend this course to anybody. However, be ready to work, and be patient with yourself. Real change takes time and energy.
Which reviewer…
1) accompanied the course with some individual practice from one of the trainers?
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16. Pregunta
2) has not reached the dream proficiency, however, s/he is very optimistic about achieving it soon?
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17. Pregunta
3) suggested further improvements to the course?
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18. Pregunta
Which paragraph provides the answer to the following statements?
4) Who mentioned that the recently provided material has an improved value?
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19. Pregunta
5) Who was a novice in the subject until s/he enrolled on the course?
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20. Pregunta
6) Who has participated in the course with a family member?
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21. Pregunta
7) Who wants to learn more and faster?
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22. Pregunta
Part 4
Read the text and answer the questions. Use a maximum of five words for each question.
The Pursuit of Knowledge
According to the great English lexicographer Samuel Johnson, knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves or we know where we can find information upon it. In the information-driven world we now inhabit, the latter has assumed a much greater level of importance. It Is not surprising to see people overwhelmed by the unlimited stream of Information. There is simply too much of it to assimilate, and it is difficult to know what to do with the data once it is received, which brings us back to Johnson’s words. But we need to add another dimension to his dictum, one which was probably true in his time, but is even more pertinent today: people need to be able to live the knowledge they acquire and not just know it or know where to find it. Our deficiency in this regard is, perhaps, the most singular failure of the modern information age.
Acquisitiveness is a natural human Instinct. Children collect cards of footballers, or whatever is the latest fad. Stamps, coins and books are targets for children and adult collectors (dike, as their basic instincts are played upon and nurtured by market forces. The desire to gather knowledge is nothing new. What is astonishing, however, is the way in which people treat the knowledge once it has been collected. It is as if the collection were an end in Itself; and herein lies the great deception, We have turned the world into a large machine of information, a veritable vortex into which we are all being Inexorably sucked. People beaver away amassing raw data, labouring under the misapprehension that they are doing something worthwhile when all that is really happening is the movement of information from one place to another. We should hardly be surprised that, as this becomes apparent, disillusionment and stress in the workplace are becoming sadly the all-too-common consequences.
1) How many kinds of knowledge are there?
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23. Pregunta
2) What has assumed a much greater level of importance nowadays?
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24. Pregunta
3) What exactly overwhelms people?
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25. Pregunta
4) What is the singular failure of the modern information age?
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26. Pregunta
5) According to the text, what is considered as a natural human instinct?
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27. Pregunta
6) According to the author, what has the world turned into?
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28. Pregunta
7) What are the consequences in the workplace of moving large amounts of raw data around?
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